Media Watch Communication Journal
Abstract of Articles of September 2013 Issue
Critical
Media Literacy in Media Education: A Debate on the Contribution to Democracy
A. Fulya Sen
Firat University, Turkey
The convergence of media and technology in a global culture is changing
the way we learn about the world and challenging the very foundations of
education. Today, the general trend concerning the main stream media literacy
has focused more on the protectionist approach. This study is aimed at
discussing the importance of critical citizenship awareness by media literacy.
It is argued that critical citizenship and participative democracy are not able
to acquire without seeing the ownership structure of media in the capitalist
system. This study was based on cultural studies, political-economy and
critical pedagogy theories where the concept of media literacy was discussed as
a combination of approaches of critical media and pedagogy.
Media
Education in India and United Kingdom:
A
Comparative Study
Anuradha Mishra Gaur
Vivekananda Institute of Professional Studies,
Delhi, India
It is possible to gain a lot of media literacy by mere exposure to the
media. In that sense, there is no need for any formal media education. That,
however, is not sufficient to gain professional proficiency in this field. A
lot of systematic training is required to maintain the standards expected from
this fourth pillar of democracy. Presently, the existing structure of media
education is at a crossroads. With the changing technology, social structure
and international relations the rationale behind the media education in India
is getting changed. Under these circumstances we need to form an opinion on
what should be the corresponding changes in media education system in India. This
paper has compared the media education system of India with some universities
of United Kingdom so as to discover the most appropriate path for the future
growth of media education in India.
Exploring
Interdisciplinarity in Indian Media Education and Research: An Analysis
NIDHI
SHENDURNIKAR TERE
Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India
ARCHANA
CHANUVAI NARAHARI
Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, India
The discipline of media and communication studies
has demonstrated its ability to borrow and integrate knowledge from various
theoretical strands in political science, sociology, economics, psychology,
cultural studies and anthropology. The inter-disciplinary nature of media
studies has enabled its growth, expansion and stature as a discipline and field
of academic inquiry in its own right. The inter-disciplinary thrust of media
education owes much to the media’s basic nature and need of being reliant on
social, political, economic and cultural forces in its surrounding environment.
The core argument of the paper favours an inter-disciplinary approach to media
studies and media research for the discipline to flourish. In this paper, the
authors examined four key areas of inter-disciplinary research and education
i.e., political communication, media economics, sociology of communication, and
cultural communication that have contributed to furthering the scope of media
studies. To substantiate this line of thinking, the authors examined course
curriculums of media studies offered by universities in Gujarat.
De-Westernizing
Media and Communication Education in India
Vemulakonda Sai Srinivas
Osmania University, India
Post World War II, many countries liberated themselves from colonial
rule, started looking up to western media as role models. Later they realized
that there has been an information imbalance. NAM also emphasized on
alternatives to western news values. India is one such country which vied to
establish individuality, create an identity and, an image for itself in the
backdrop of its bitter past experience. In this process, developing countries
in general and India in particular started developing alternative perspectives.
In this context, Indian theories of communication such as Sadharanikaran, which
existed 500 B.C., came into prominence. In this background, endeavors to
de-westernize media and communication education started by incorporating
alternative media, traditional folk media, community radio, Indian theories of
communication etc., in the curriculum of mass communication courses. This paper
analyses in detail how efforts are made to de-westernize media and
communication education in India.
Small
Screen in the Indian Subcontinent: A Study on Five Decades of Doordarshan
Rohini S. Kumar
Monash University, Malaysia
The obligation of a public service broadcasting media is very much
crucial and tricky in a fast developing
country like India, where it
has to cater diverse audiences, cultures and languages. Historically, public
service broadcasting has been vested with certain roles—an educator,
entertainer and informer. But this concept is losing ground as 24 hour
satellite channels are altering entertainment and educational needs and
perceptions of the public to a greater extent which result in the tapering
demarcation between commercial and public service broadcasting in India.
The article tries to analyze or review
the progress of Doordarshan (Indian Television) in its 54 years of its journey.
Text to Memory: A Study on Comprehension and Oral Reading
Fluency
Susan R. Massey
St. Thomas University, Florida, USA
Research was conducted to test the hypothesis that there is a
reciprocal relationship between reading comprehension and oral reading fluency.
Previous research indicates that oral reading fluency can aid reading
comprehension. However, more recent
models have questioned the uni-directionality of this relationship. This
research examines this hypothesis by analyzing second grade students’ oral
reading of connected texts. A summary previewing condition was manipulated in
an experiment and the effects on students’ passage reading times were
evaluated. Grade level students were randomly assigned to one of two groups, an
experimental group and a control group. Analyses of Covariance were performed
to test the effects of prosodic modeling on oral reading fluency as measured in
correct words per minute (CWPM) and prosodic reading, while controlling for
students overall achievement in reading as measured by the common state test
score. The results showed differences in CWPM indicating the summary preview
over the no-preview condition for students at lower levels of fluency
performance.
Resistive Reading of Anti-Islam Movies by Educated American
Audience: An Analysis
Hamid Abdollahyan
University of Tehran, Iran
Niloofar Hooman
University of Tehran, Iran
University of Tehran, Iran
Niloofar Hooman
University of Tehran, Iran
This article provides an assessment
of the dominant meaning inserted in Hollywood movies that offer anti-Islamic
content, compared to the meaning that the American audience attaches to these
movies. Framed by a theoretical synthesis of Gadamer’s approach to reception
and Said’s notion of Orientalism, we employ such concepts as lived experience,
inter-cultural communication and media literacy to indicate how the American
audience is taking a resistive orientation. This analytical model suggests that
any typical American audience seeks to expand their understanding of the lived
experience with Muslims based on their inter-cultural experience with Muslims
and apply it to their readings of the popular anti-Islamic movies. To examine the paper’s theoretical claims we
used an internet-based in-depth interview technique in which 12 women and 10
men participated. Some of the findings reveal that the educated American
audience may not perceive Hollywood fiction as a reliable source of information
about either Muslims or Islam, and that they engage in alternate and resistive
interpretations of movie content.
Relationship
between Facebook Usage and Self-Efficacy among Collegiate Athletes
JONGSUNG KIM
St. Thomas University, Florida, USA
This research investigates the relationship
between Facebook usage and self-efficacy in collegiate athletes. The sample for
this study are St. Thomas University athletes in the United States. The
variables used to represent Facebook usage, Facebook frequency of use, Facebook
number of friends, and Facebook frequency status updates are measured using
Facebook Intensity Scale (Ellison, Steinfield, & Lampe, 2007). The
dependent variable used in this study is self-efficacy which is measured using
the General Self-efficacy (GSE) developed by Jerusalem and Schwarzer (1995).
Data analyses indicate a statistically significant relationship between the
number of Facebook friends and self-efficacy. The data also indicates a
significant inverse relationship between Facebook frequency status updates and
self-efficacy. The results of the correlation analysis indicate inverse
relationships between frequency status updates and frequency of use, and
frequency status updates and Facebook number of friends. These findings suggest
that once the coaches, administrators, and professors attend to the issue of
Facebook usage for collegiate athletes, it may enhance self-efficacy and
psychological benefits.
Public
Perception and Role of Mass Media in Fight Against Corruption in Nigeria
Barry Nnaane
Afe Babalola University, Nigeria
Afe Babalola University, Nigeria
This paper examined how the Nigerian public perceived the role of the
mass media in the fight against corruption. The research design used was
survey, while Benin metropolis in Edo State, South-South, Nigeria, was the area
of study. The two sampling techniques used were cluster sampling and purposive
sampling techniques. Four hundred and fifty (450) copies of questionnaire were
administered, while 418 copies representing 92 per cent response rate were
retrieved. Majority of the respondents agreed that the media in the country
have played a positive role in the fight against corruption. The study
recommends, among others, that media professionals should be
socially-responsible and abide by the ethics of the profession, so that they
can fight corruption in the country without fear or favour.
Identification
and Analysis of Images in Anjathey
Nithin Kalorth
Mahatma Gandhi University, India
Tamil cinema has undergone a cycle of changes from storytelling to
production technology and marketing strategies. This article finds out the film
language and grammar of movie Anjathey directed by Mysskin. 36 images/shots
were selected from the movie and they have been analyzed on the basis of film
language, narrative aspects of the story
cinematography, sound, and editing. Attempts have been made to understand the
use of visual language and grammar to express the story by the use of
mise-en-scene.
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